Compared with traditional fuel vehicles, the air conditioning compressor of new energy vehicles is more prone to damage. The main reasons include excessive load, frequent start and stop, poor heat dissipation, insufficient lubrication, and unstable power supply. The following are specific reasons and corresponding avoidance methods:
1. Excessive compressor load
Reason: The air conditioning compressor of new energy vehicles not only needs to cool the car, but also needs to be responsible for cooling the battery pack, especially in extreme weather (high temperature in summer), the load is greater, and long-term overload operation will accelerate wear.
Avoidance method:
Avoid turning on the maximum cooling or heating directly at startup, and gradually adjust the temperature.
Reduce long-term high-load operation and use the air conditioner reasonably.
2. Frequent start and stop
Reason: The compressor of new energy vehicles is driven by a motor. Frequent start and stop will increase mechanical wear and affect life.
Avoidance method:
Avoid turning the air conditioner on and off repeatedly in a short period of time.
Turn off the air conditioner when parking and waiting to reduce the number of compressor starts and stops.
3. Cooling system design problems
Reason: Some new energy vehicles simplify the cooling system for energy saving, resulting in poor heat dissipation of the compressor in a high temperature environment, and long-term high temperature operation is prone to damage.
Avoidance method:
Regularly check the cooling fan and coolant circulation system.
Pay special attention to the temperature of the battery and compressor in summer, and install auxiliary cooling devices if necessary.
4. Insufficient lubrication
Reason: The compressor lubricating oil may be reduced due to high temperature or long-term operation, resulting in increased friction and accelerated wear.
Avoidance method:
Perform regular maintenance and check the lubricating oil status.
Replace or replenish special lubricating oil in high temperature seasons.
5. Insufficient battery power or voltage fluctuation
Reason: The power supply of the compressor is unstable when the power is low, which affects the efficiency and accelerates the aging of components; voltage fluctuations during rapid acceleration may damage electronic components.
Avoidance method:
Avoid using the air conditioner for a long time when the power is low.
Ensure that the charging system is stable and check the high-voltage circuit regularly.
6. Refrigerant problems (impurities, leakage or improper charging)
Reason: Impure refrigerant or incorrect charging amount may cause poor lubrication, liquid shock (liquid refrigerant enters the compressor) or high-temperature operation.
Avoidance method:
Use refrigerant that meets the standards and avoid mixing with air or moisture.
Charge refrigerant according to the standard to avoid too much or too little.
7. Manufacturing process and parts quality
Reason: The production process of some new energy compressors is immature, and the parts are not precise enough, resulting in additional friction or vibration.
Avoidance method:
Choose a brand model with reliable quality.
Check the operating status of the compressor regularly and repair it in time if any abnormality is found.
Summary
The air-conditioning compressor of new energy vehicles is easily damaged due to the combined effect of multiple factors. Reasonable use, regular maintenance and optimized heat dissipation/lubrication management can significantly extend its life. If the compressor is found to be abnormal (such as reduced cooling effect, abnormal noise, etc.), it should be checked in time to avoid the expansion of the fault.
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