Compared with traditional fuel vehicles, the air conditioning compressor of new energy vehicles is more susceptible to damage. The main reasons include excessive load, frequent start and stop, poor heat dissipation, insufficient lubrication, and unstable power supply. The following are specific reasons and corresponding avoidance methods:
1. Excessive compressor load Reason: The air conditioning compressor of new energy vehicles not only needs to cool the car, but also needs to be responsible for cooling the battery pack, especially in extreme weather (high temperature in summer), the load is greater, and long-term overload operation will accelerate wear. Avoidance method: Avoid directly turning on the maximum cooling or heating when starting, and gradually adjust the temperature. Reduce long-term high-load operation and use the air conditioner reasonably.
2. Frequent start and stop Reason: The compressor of new energy vehicles is driven by a motor. Frequent start and stop will increase mechanical wear and affect life. Avoidance method: Avoid repeatedly turning on and off the air conditioner in a short period of time. Turn off the air conditioner when parking and waiting to reduce the number of compressor starts and stops.
3. Cooling system design problem Reason: Some new energy vehicles simplify the cooling system for energy saving, resulting in poor heat dissipation of the compressor in a high temperature environment, and long-term high temperature operation is prone to damage. Avoidance method: Regularly check the cooling fan and coolant circulation system. Pay special attention to the temperature of the battery and compressor in summer, and install auxiliary cooling devices if necessary.
4. Insufficient lubrication causes: The compressor lubricant may be reduced due to high temperature or long-term operation, resulting in increased friction and accelerated wear. Avoidance method: Regular maintenance, check the lubricant status. Replace or add special lubricants in high temperature seasons.
5. Insufficient battery power or voltage fluctuation causes: The compressor power supply is unstable when the power is low, affecting efficiency and accelerating component aging; voltage fluctuations during rapid acceleration may damage electronic components. Avoidance method: Avoid using the air conditioner for a long time when the power is low. Ensure that the charging system is stable and check the high-voltage circuit regularly.
6. Refrigerant problems (impurities, leakage or improper charging) causes: Impure refrigerant or incorrect charging amount may cause poor lubrication, liquid shock (liquid refrigerant enters the compressor) or high-temperature operation. Avoidance method: Use refrigerant that meets the standards to avoid mixing with air or moisture. Charge refrigerant according to the standard to avoid too much or too little.
7. Manufacturing process and component quality causes: The production process of some new energy compressors is immature, and the precision of components is insufficient, resulting in additional friction or vibration. Avoidance method: Choose a brand model with reliable quality. Check the operating status of the compressor regularly and repair it in time if abnormalities are found.
The air conditioning compressor of new energy vehicles is vulnerable to damage due to the combined effect of multiple factors. Reasonable use, regular maintenance and optimized heat dissipation/lubrication management can significantly extend its life. If the compressor is found to be abnormal (such as reduced cooling effect, abnormal noise, etc.), it should be checked in time to avoid the expansion of the fault.
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